Abstract：As urbanization continues to accelerate, it is difficult to acquire real-time data on potential pavement collapse hazards utilizing traditional methods. At present, efficient monitor pavement collapse has become a key challenge in the field of pavement safety. For this problem, the authors propose a method which combines time-series InSAR with wavelet transform. This method analyzes the change cycle of the subsidence point to obtain the deformation information, and  extract the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of ground subsidence.For those areas with obvious spatial and temporal evolution characteristics, the accuracy of the InSAR results will be further verified by using the microtremor detection seismograph.We selected 52 Sentinel-1A images captured between March 2022 and November 2023 to obtain the surface subsidence results in the central urban area of Changchun by the time-series InSAR method. The results showed that the maximum deformation rate was -30.58 mm/a, and the maximum cumulative subsidence was -73.3 mm in the study area. A detailed analysis of the representative deformation area, Nanhu avenue, revealed a maximum deformation rate of -28.44 mm/a, a maximum daily average deformation rate of -0.93 mm/d, and a maximum cumulative subsidence of -47.7 mm. The analysis of significant subsidence points based on wavelet transform uncovered their subsidence evolution processes. The development of surface subsidence in severely affected areas was influenced by multiple periodic variations of different magnitudes and levels, with nested local cycles within these periodic time scales that affect the specific trends of subsidence development. Using microtremor detection seismograph to collect data from regions with obvious evolutionary characteristics, the authors generated a geological profile of Nanhu avenue. According to the profile, significant subsidence points exhibited a phenomenon of slurry infiltration.This further validated the accuracy of the subsidence monitoring results. Finally, by comparing the actual pavement collapse incident in the Nanhu avenue metro construction area to the subsidence results monitored in this study, the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method in practical applications were validated.

Abstract：In order to explore the distribution of high quality reservoirs within the Cretaceous volcanic edifice in the M region in the eastern uplift zone of the Santos Basin, Brazil, volcanic lithology, lithofacies, stages, types of edifice and their relationship with reservoirs were studied in the Cretaceous volcanic strata in the M region, based on the drilling cores, conventional logging curves, three-dimensional seismic data and logging physical properties, with the methods of volcanic petrology and volcanic stratigraphy. The results show that four types of volcanic edifice were identified in the M region, including onshore basaltic tabular lava edifice, onshore basaltic fill-type lava edifice, subaqueous basaltic thick-layer lava edifice, and subaqueous basaltic compound lava edifice. Furthermore, the volcanic rocks in the M region were divided into five eruption stages, of which eruption stage 2(E2) is characterized by the deposition of onshore basaltic tabular lava edifice, stage 3(E3) consists of the subaqueous basaltic thick-layer lava edifice and subaqueous basaltic compound lava edifice, stage 4(E4) comprises merely subaqueous basaltic compound lava edifice, and stage 5(E5) is composed of onshore basaltic fill-type lava edifice. Additionally, the reservoir physical properties vary among four types of volcanic edifices, with the subaqueous basaltic compound lava edifice exhibiting the best properties, subaqueous basaltic thick-layer lava edifice being moderate, and the onshore basaltic tabular lava edifice and onshore basaltic fill-type lava edifice demonstrating the worst properties. Based on these findings, it is considered that in the M region, the reservoir associated with E4 featuring subaqueous basaltic compound lava edifice is the best, the reservoir of E3 comprising subaqueous basaltic thick-layer lava edifice and subaqueous basaltic compound lava edifice ranks second, the reservoirs of E2 and E5 which involve onshore basaltic tabular lava edifice and onshore basaltic fill-type lava edifice are considered the least favorable. Therefore, volcanic rocks from E3 and E4 can be targeted as key areas for subsequent oil and gas exploration in the study area.

Abstract：In order to investigate the diversity and complexity of sedimentary reservoirs, to clarify the sedimentary characteristics and sand body development rules of the Cretaceous Shushanhe Formation (K₁s) in Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin, and to analyze the relationship between sedimentary microfacies and reservoir sand body distribution, core analysis and logging analysis methods were used to identify lithological markers, mainly including rock color,composition, sedimentary texture, sedimentary structure, rock type and lithological associations,and to identify logging markers, including qualitative logging curve characteristics and quantitative logging data characteristics. Adopting systematic sedimentological analysis methods, mainly geological methods, we summarized lithology and logging sedimentary facies markers, and established sedimentary microfacies classification standards, and analyzed sedimentary facies types and their evolutionary characteristics vertically and on the profile through the study of single-well facies and profile facies. We also analyzed the plane characteristics of sedimentary microfacies by using ratio of sand to stratum, and the distribution pattern of sandstone in the region by using thickness of sand body. Based on the core and logging data, a sedimentary microfacies division standard was established, one single-well sedimentary facies diagram and two horizontal and vertical profile facies diagrams were drawn;while the sedimentary microfacies plane and sand body distribution of four small layers were completed, and the regional braided river delta front sedimentary model was summarized. The Upper Member of Shushanhe Formation (K₁s₃) in TP12-8 well area belongs to the shallow water gentle slope braided river delta front sedimentation system, which identifies three sedimentary microfacies of the subaqueous distributary channel, the subaqueous interdistributary channel and the channel edge，and the provenances come from the southern area of Tuofutai. Because the sedimentary environment is a large oxidized wide shallow lake basin, it has unique sedimentary characteristics. Different from the general subaqueous deposition, the color of sediments in the TP12-8 well area is oxidized, such as brown. Sand body is stacking developed, mainly fine sandstone, accounting for about 75% of the total area on the plane, and the thickness of the sand body can reach 1.4-23.9 m. The subaqueous distributary channel is the main sedimentary face in the study area, and the mouth bar does not develop. After the channel enters the lake, it continues to extend, running through the whole study area in a strip shape, with a width of 1.5-9.0 km

Abstract：Songliao Basin is one of the main basins for unconventional oil and gas exploration and development in China. The 1st and the lower part of the 2nd members of the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation are key focus layers for shale oil exploration. The research on the unclear sedimentary facies division and distribution issues of these layers in Changling Sag is beneficial for providing geological basis for shale oil exploration and selection in study area.Based on the drilling core, logging, and geochemical data of the 1st and the lower part of the 2nd members of the Qingshankou Formation in the Changling Sag of the Songliao Basin,and combining with the research results of the previous researchers, this paper conducts a detailed study of the sedimentary facies of the target layers in the study area from the aspects of lithofacies, sedimentary structure, and logging. The target strata in study area are divided into two sedimentary facies,the lake and delta facies, and four sedimentary subfacies including delta front, front delta subfacies, semi-deep lake and deep-lake subfacies. Among them, the front delta and semi-deep lake subfacies are advantageous sedimentary facies for shale oil exploration and development. The transgressive systems tract mainly develops delta front and front delta subfacies. Vertically, the two subfacies gradually slow down from bottom to top. Horizontally, the two subfacies gradually decrease towards the edge of the basin. The high water level systems tract mainly develops semi-deep lakes and deep-lake subfacies. Vertically, the two subfacies have a large thickness. Horizontally, the two subfacies extend to the center of the basin. The regressive systems tract mainly develops delta front, front delta, and semi-deep lake subfacies. Vertically, the semi-deep lake subfacies gradually slow down from bottom to top, while the thickness of the delta front and front delta subfacies gradually expands. Horizontally, the semi-deep lake subfacies decrease towards the center of the basin, while the delta front and front delta subfacies gradually extend towards the center of the basin. The dominant sedimentary facies zones mainly develop in late transgressive system tract and early regressive system tract.

Abstract：To analyze the petrological characteristics, grain size distribution characteristics, sedimentary facies types and spatial distribution regularity of the Lower Karamay Formation in Block Si 1, Karamay Oilfield, Well D16 is selected as the standard well in the study area, and its drilling cores are used as the main data source for observation and experiments. Core observation, rock mineral thin section identification and sieve analysis are used to obtain petrological data such as colors, lithologies, sedimentary structure and texture, rock mineral composition and contents, and grain size distribution statistics of the Lower Karamay Formation reservoir in Block Si 1. The sedimentary facies types of the Lower Karamay Formation in Block Si 1 are identified based on sedimentary facies markers such as core colors, lithologic assemblages,structure and texture, grain size probability accumulation curves, C-M diagram, and structural parameter scatter plots. At the same time, combined with the geophysical data of more than 100 wells in the study area, the method of well logging is used to radiate the sedimentary facies model of the D16 standard well to other wells in the study area. By pulling the well-connected profile, the distribution regularity of sedimentary microfacies and sand bodies on the profile are analyzed. According to the thickness contour map of sandstone, the distribution regularities of sedimentary microfacies and sand bodies on the plane are analyzed. The results show that the core colors of Well D16 are brown, light brown, light gray and gray-green, and the lithologies are divided into unequal-grained sandstone, medium-fine sandstone, argillaceous siltstone, silty mudstone and mudstone according to the grain size, and the sandstone is divided into lithic sandstone, feldspathic lithic sandstone and lithic feldspathic sandstone according to the rock mineral types.The roundness is sub-angular to sub-rounded, the sorting is medium to poor. Massive bedding and tabular cross-bedding are developed, the contact relationships of particles are mainly point-line contact, and the pores are mainly residual intergranular pores. The probability accumulation curves of grain size are two-stage or four-stage types, the C-M diagram has the characteristics of traction flow, and the points of the structural parameter scatter plots are concentrated in the delta plain and front interval. The sedimentary environment of the Lower Karamay Formation reservoir in Block Si 1 is shallow, weakly oxidized to weakly reduced. Two sedimentary subfacies, the braided river delta front and the shallow lake, and four sedimentary microfacies, including the subaqueous distributary channel, the subaqueous interdistributary, the estuarine dam and the coastal shallow lake mud, are identified. The main reservoir sand bodies of the Lower Karamay Formation are subaqueous distributary channel sand bodies, which are distributed in lens-shaped and layered forms on the cross section and in strip-shaped and sheet-shaped forms on the plane.

The exploration geochemical method is one of the most effective methods to quickly delineate regional prospective areas. Although this method can quickly delineate geochemical prospective areas, it often ignores the spatial variability of geochemical backgrounds, potentially missing weak geochemical anomaly. In order to identify multivariate geochemical anomaly in complex geological environments, the authors select a one-class support vector machine (OCSVM) model for this study. The model allows for high-dimensional anomaly detection without making any assumptions about data distribution. Taking the Amuhuiyilete region as an example, based on the 1∶50 000 regional geological survey results, the data of 11 geochemical elements from  stream sediments in the study area were gridded using Surfer software. The gridded “true” data were generated based on the spatial locations of known mining points in the study area. The spatial correlation between each geochemical element and the known mining points was statistically analyzed, and elements with significant correlation to the known mining points and concentrated elemental distribution were identified as prospecting indicator elements. In the study area, three indicator elements were selected. The gridded data of these three indicator elements were used as input data for OCSVM to conduct multivariate geochemical anomaly indentification research. The models were optimized using both the trial-and-test method and the artificial bee colony (ABC) optimization algorithm. The output results of both models were obtained and combined with the “true” data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)  curves were then plotted for the models optimized by the trial-and-test method and the ABC optimization algorithm, and corresponding area under the curve(AUC） values were calculated. The results show that the AUC value of the model optimized by the trial-and-test method is 0.879 6, while the AUC value of the model optimized by the ABC algorithm is 0.897 8. At the same time, the proportion of anomalous grids identified by the two models is 27.14% and 23.65%, respectively. This indicates that, in the anomaly detection task, the model optimized by the ABC algorithm performs slightly better than the model optimized by the trial-and-test method. The OCSVM optimized by the ABC algorithm is more effective in identifying anomalous data points, and improving the overall model accuracy. 

Abstract：Rational development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources are essential for ensuring China’s food security, while suitability evaluation is the prerequisite and foundation. By scientifically assessing the development suitability of these resources, it provides a scientific basis for rational allocation and sustainable utilization of regional land resources.The authors take Da’an City of Jilin Province as the study area and develop a comprehensive suitability evaluation system from natural, social, and ecological perspectives. Using methods such as AHP (analytic hierarchy process), landscape pattern indices, and composite indices, the authors conduct a systematic analysis to reveal quantity, quality, and spatial distribution characteristics of development suitability levels of cultivated land reserve resources in Da’an,and propose corresponding development and utilization strategies. The research results indicate that:the development suitability of cultivated land reserve resources in Da’an City can be categorized into four levels: highly suitable, moderately suitable, marginally suitable, and unsuitable, accounting for 26.64%, 38.83%, 25.08%, and 9.44% of total area of cultivated land reserve resources, respectively. Development suitability levels gradually decrease from central part of Da’an City toward northeast and southwest. Highly suitable and moderately suitable development areas are mainly concentrated in Xinping’an Town and Haituo Township, while unsuitable development areas are mainly concentrated in Longzhao Town in southwestern part of the city. Land use types are primarily saline-alkali land and other grasslands, accounting for 99.67% of total area of cultivated land reserve resources in city. The highly suitable development areas for saline-alkali land are distributed in northwest and southeast, while the highly suitable development areas for other grasslands are concentrated in the central and western parts. Spatial distribution of development suitability levels for cultivated land reserve resources in Da’an City shows significant variation, with moderately suitable development areas being the most prevalent. Development and utilization strategies for cultivated land reserve resources should be tailored to local conditions. Saline-alkali land development should focus on water resource management and soil salinization amelioration measures, while development of other grasslands should carefully control development intensity to maintain regional ecological balance.

Abstract：To explore the geodynamic mechanisms of the large-scale magmatic activity during  Early Cretaceous in Da Hinggan Ling (Mts.), the authors focused on diabase in Huoluotai area in northern segment of Erguna Block, Da Hinggan Ling (Mts.),through the study of petrogeochemical characteristics and zircon U-Pb dating of diabase in Huoluotai area,  aimed to determine its formation age, petrogenesis, and tectonic setting. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results show that the weighted average age of diabase in Huoluotai area is (135.1±3.6) Ma, indicating that the crystallization age of diabase is Early Cretaceous. Whole-rock geochemical data reveal that diabase in Huoluotai area is characterized by low w(SiO₂) contents (48.84%-52.11%), high w(MgO) contents (5.13%-6.85%) and w(Fe₂O₃) contents (7.45%-8.60%). The Eu anomaly of diabase is insignificant or exhibits a weak negative anomaly (δEu = 0.83-1.06). The diabase is enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs, such as Ba, Sr, and K), and depleted in high field strength elements (HFSEs, such as Zr, Ta, Nb, and Th). Diabase in Huoluotai area is only minimally influenced by fractional crystallization, crustal contamination, and accumulation processes. The Nb/Yb-Th/Yb diagram shows that diabase in Huoluotai area falls within the area of primitive mafic melts derived from subduction-modified lithospheric mantle. The Th/Nb-Ba/Th and Th/Yb-Ba/La diagrams indicate that the magma source region of diabase in Huoluotai area was modified by fluids derived from subducted slabs. The La/Nb-La/Ba diagram reveals that the magma source region of diabase in Huoluotai area is from the lithospheric mantle. The above geochemical characteristics indicate that diabase in Huoluotai area originated from a lithospheric mantle source metasomatized by fluids derived from subducted slabs. Combined with previous research, it is concluded that the formation of diabase in Huoluotai area in northern segment of Erguna Block, Da Hinggan Ling (Mts.) is closely related to the rollback process of the Paleo-Pacific Plate.

Geological hazard risk evaluation plays a significant guiding role in disaster prevention and mitigation. Focusing on the issues of frequent and severe geological hazards in Lüchun County, this study conducts a geological hazard risk evaluation to provide scientific support for disaster prevention planning and risk management in Lüchun County. Taking Lüchun County in Yunnan Province as the study area, grid unit is selected as the evaluation unit, and nine evaluation factors are chosen: elevation, slope, aspect, distance to faults, distance to rivers, engineering geological rock groups, geomorphological types, curvature, and land use types. Utilizing the spatial analysis function of geographic information system, the weighted information value model, which combines the information value model and the analytic hierarchy process, is applied to evaluate  the  susceptibility of collapse and landslide geological hazards in the studied area. The monthly average precipitation in Lüchun County is selected as the triggering factor for geological hazard evaluation of landslides and collapses in the study area. Three disaster bearing factors: population density, the number of threatened people ,  and land use types, are selected to complete the vulnerability evaluation. The hazard index and vulnerability index are multiplied then to produce the risk evaluation of collapse and landslide geological hazards. The results show that the study area can be divided into four risk levels: low, medium ,  high  and extremely high, which accounted for 12.84%, 46.01%, 38.28% and 2.87% of the studied area, respectively. The low risk areas are mainly located in the middle of Banpo Township, the north of Qimaba Township, the north of Daxing Town and the  south of Gekui Township. The middle risk areas are mainly distributed in the  north of Daheishan Town, the west of Dashuigou Township, the middle and south of Qimaba Township, the middle of Gekui Township and the southwest of Pinghe Town. High and extremely high risk areas are mainly distributed around Lüchun County and Daxing Town, Niukong Town, Sanmeng Township, Pinghe Town, and the middle of Dashuigou Township. The results of geological hazards risk evaluation obtained in this paper are in good agreement with the actual investigation.