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Late Paleozoic strata in northeastern China are distributed in a zonal pattern around the old-land on the Jiamusi-Mongolia Block. They are composed of active deposits in the regular distributed tectonic lithofacies zones. This indicates that the late Paleozoic strata belong to continental margin deposits. According to the strong conformability of the sedimentary strata in the same continental margin and distinct differences among the three continental margins,three stratigraphical regions of the Jiamusi-Mongolia Stratigraphical Province are recognized along the northern,southern and eastern margins of the Jiamusi-Mongolia Block,named respectively as Xing'an Stratigraphical Region,Inner Mongolia grass--Songhua River Stratigraphical Region and Baoqing--Hunchun Stratigraphical Region. Due to the characteristics of continental margin deposits and active sediments,the strata can be correlated on the level of formation by the methods of analysing the rock association in the same stratigraphic region. Therefore,some revisions of the lithological formations of the late Paleozoic strata in northeastern China have been made,and a new chart of lithostratigraphic correlation has been proposed. Furthermore,the present stratigraphic framework is setting on the International Stratigraphic Chart on the level of stage,after comprehensive researches to lithostratigraphy,biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy,especially the conodont biostratigraphy and isotopic ages of volcanic rocks obtained in recent years.
The Early Jurassic flora,with over 42 species of 26 genera and documented in age by sandwiched marine beds,from the Lower Jurassic Schitukhe Formation of South Primorye,Russia,is further reported. The flora is dominated by cycadophytes,ferns and conifers,with some of ginkgoales and czekanowskiales,and characterized by occurrence of Cycadocarpidium,with very rare Coniopteris. A comparison of this flora with its coeval Early Jurassic floras of China is discussed. The Russian flora is considered as the early assemblage of Early Jurassic flora,and more similar to the Early Jurassic floras from the Shansonggang-and Yihe formations of Jilin, Beipiao Formation of Liaoning,and lower-middle Guanyintan Formation of Hunan in China.
This paper reports lithologic features,K--Ar age and geochemical data of riebeckite granophyres from Aliwula area in the southern Da Hinggan Mts.,aiming to reveal the petrogenesis of riebeckite granophyres. K-- Ar age of riebeckite granophyres is 126 ± 2 Ma,implying that the riebeckite granophyres formed in the Early Cretaceous. The granophyres are rich in riebeckites and with a lot of melt-fluid inclusion in its quartz phenocrysts. The granophyres are characterized by extensive enrichment in SiO2 ,FeO,and ( Na2O + K2O) and depletion in MgO and CaO,strong negative Eu anomalies and strong positive Ce anomalies. Additionally,the riebeckite granophyres not only have high total REE contents and display enrichment of HFSEs ( for example Zr, Hf,Nb,Ta) ,but also are strong in depletion of LILEs ( e. g. Ba,Sr) as well as high Ga /Al ratios. Primitive mantle-normalized REE pattern significantly displays REE M--W tetrad effect. REEs fractionate evidently and highly enrich in LREE,but are uneven distribution in the rocks. Taken together,we conclude that the riebeckite granophyres are similar to typical A-type granite,which could be derived from stretching environments in the Early Cretaceous. The granophyres originated from residual melt which underwent highly differentiation process, and were formed in magmatic-hydrothemal transition stage at last.
A number of isolated fault sags in Late Jurassic--Early Cretaceous were developed in the early stage of southern Songliao Basin,and unified to a depression basin in the late stage. Therefore,multiple isolated lower petroliferous systems were formed with fault sags as source rocks. The source rocks of fault sags in Late Jurassic --Early Cretaceous were mainly described with gas generation as favorable source rocks,leading to the southern Songliao Basin rich in natural gas resources combined with organic gas resources in Nenjiang Formation. A number of tectonic movements in southern Songliao Basin led to the formation of abundant structural traps and complex fault systems,and controlled the distribution strata and positions of sources rocks in Late Jurassic--Early Cretaceous fault sags. The oil-gas reservoirs can be divided into two types,i. e.,primary and secondary ones. The primary oil-gas reservoirs were distributed in the fault sag strata and the bottom of overlying depression strata ( lower Quan-1 Member) . The oil-gas reservoir accumulation depended on the trap development situation and the distance from source rocks. The preservation conditions of oil-gas reservoirs depended on the degree of reconstruction in the late tectonism. The secondary oil-gas reservoirs were distribution in the Quantou Formation of depression strata,where oil and gas reservoir accumulation depended on three conditions,i. e., trap development situation,deep gas sources and the fault to connect the shallow traps and deep gas sources. The southern Songliao Basin is rich in lower coal type gas,upper oil-gas and biogas resources,which are important resources in the future.
The lifetime of roll-bits with inserted tooth will be obviously decreased while drilling in strata and the tungsten carbide can be integrally separated from the roll-cone,which will need more trip out time to replace the roller bit. This study provides an entire analysis on stress as well as strength for teeth and tooth holes in loaded conditions. Qualities of tooth drop from matrix within roller bit. The optimized interferences of teeth inserted into the bit can be reasonably obtained by the critical interference derived from some relevant influence factors on the tooth-fixing quality of roller bits.
The material composition and microstructure have a comprehensive influence on geological engineering properties of dredger fill. The porosity of the dredger fill is an important characteristic of microscopic structure. Taken dredger fill from Binhai New Area in Tianjin as research object,the distribution trend of pore is obtained by granularmetric analysis,mineral composition analysis and mercury intrusion method. By discussing the variation regulation of dredger fill in two different kinds of processing methods,certain theoretical basis is provided for evaluating the engineering geological properties of dredger fill. It can be concluded from the test results that after drainage treatment,the porosity decreased and the structure unit changed from the relatively loose state to aggregate state. In certain depth range,the consolidation effect of dredger fill with drainage treatment is better than that without drainage treatment.
According to the comprehensive tests on the rising height of capillary water for seven kinds of different coarse grained soil by use of the method of standpipe,the relationship between the rising height of capillary water and time was obtained,and the influencing factors and rules were analyzed. The data of the steady rising height of capillary water were obtained,and the regression equation of coarse grained soil on steady height and physical indexes ( effective grain d10 and porosity n) was found. Compared with Hazen's and other expressions that could estimate the steady height of capillary water of coarse grained soil,the proposed method is satisfactory and the defects of the latter were pointed out.
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