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世界地质 2021, 40(2) 467-474 DOI:
ISSN: 1004-5589 CN: 22-1111/P |
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| 基础地质 |
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长春市建成区土壤重金属污染与生态风险评价 |
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王天欣，陆继龙，赵威，刘洋，李彤，来雅文 |
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吉林大学地球探测科学与技术学院，长春130026 |
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摘要：
为了解长春市建成区土壤重金属的污染情况及其存在的潜在生态风险，以长春市建成区内土壤
为研究对象，对样品进行系统采集，以电感耦合等离子体质谱法为手段，分析测定As、Cd、Pb、Cr、
Cu、Zn、Ni 7 种重金属的含量，同时通过单因子指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法及潜在生态风险指
数法等方法评价长春市建成区表层土壤重金属的空间分布情况及其污染程度。结果表明，7 种重金属
在研究区均表现为不同程度的污染，除Zn 外均值都大于吉林省土壤背景值，长春市建成区土壤中As
和Cr 以污染状态为主，主要出现在长春市建成区中部与南部地区。长春市建成区土壤重金属潜在危
害程度依次为As ＞ Cd ＞ Cu ＞ Pb ＞ Cr ＞ Ni ＞ Zn，各种金属元素中，存在潜在生态危害的重金属主要是
Cd，综合潜在生态指数为轻微生态危害程度，研究区总面积的1. 28% 达到强生态危害程度，这些污
染高值区分布着众多工厂，其形成可能与工业生产有关。 |
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关键词：
城市土壤
重金属污染
潜在生态危害
评价
长春市
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Soil heavy metal pollution and ecological risk assessment in built-up area of Changchun City |
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WANG Tian-xin，LU Ji-long，ZHAO Wei，LIU Yang，LI Tong，LAI Ya-wen |
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College of Earth Exploration Science and Technology，Jilin University，Changchun 130026，China |
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Abstract:
In order to understand the pollution of heavy metals in the soil in built-up area of Changchun City
and its potential ecological risks，the soil in built-up area of Changchun City was taken as the research object，and samples were collected systematically． Inductively coupled plasma mass spectromety was used to analyze 7 kinds of heavy metals content ( i.e.，As，Cd，Pb，Cr，Cu，Zn，and Ni) ． At the same time，the space distribution and pollution degree of heavy metals in surface soil of built-up area of Changchun City were evaluated through single factor index method，Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method，potential ecological risk index method and other evaluation methods． The results indicated that 7 heavy metals from the study area all showed different degrees of pollution，except for Zn，the average values of which were greater than the soil background value in Jilin Province．As and Cr in the soil in built-up area of Changchun City were mainly polluted，mainly appeared in the central and southern parts of built-up area of Changchun City． The potential hazards of soil heavy metals in built-up area of Changchun City are As ＞ Cd ＞ Cu ＞ Pb ＞ Cr ＞ Ni ＞ Zn． Among various metal elements，the heavy metals with potential ecological hazards are mainly Cd，and the comprehensive potential ecological index belongs to slight ecological hazards． 1. 28% of the study area reached a level of strong ecological hazards． There are many factories in these high-polluting areas，and their formation may be related to industrial production． |
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Keywords:
urban soil
heavy metal pollution
potential ecological hazards
assessment
Changchun City
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