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世界地质 2021, 40(2) 343-353 DOI:
ISSN: 1004-5589 CN: 22-1111/P |
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| 基础地质 |
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黄县盆地古近系李家崖组油页岩与煤有机地球化学特征及有机质来源分析 |
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李丽，孟庆涛，刘招君，陈玲玲，曾文人，李金国 |
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1. 吉林大学地球科学学院，长春130061;
2. 吉林省油页岩与共生能源矿产重点实验室，长春130061;
3. 内蒙古水利水电勘测设计院技术质量处，呼和浩特010020 ;
4. 中国石油大学地球科学学院，北京102249 |
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摘要：
针对黄县盆地李家崖组成矿机理问题，利用含油率、Leco ( 莱科) 、岩石热解、生物标志化合物等分析，研究了油页岩与煤有机地球化学特征，讨论其有机质来源。结果表明: ①研究区油页岩可分为高品质和低品质油页岩，其中高品质油页岩( 含油率12. 71% ～ 24. 38%) 呈高TOC、S1 + S2和HI 特点，有机质类型为Ⅰ--Ⅱ型; ②低品质油页岩( 含油率3. 69% ～ 4. 56%) 呈中等TOC、S1 + S2和HI 特点，有机质类型为Ⅱ1型; ③而煤呈极高TOC、高S1 + S2、低HI 的特点，为腐泥煤。油页岩与煤正构烷烃气相色谱( GC) 图显示为单峰式，具明显的奇碳数优势，以长链为主，此外还检测出大量的藿烷和甾类化合物，其中藿烷系列以五环三萜烷为主以及一定丰度伽马蜡烷、少量的三环萜烷;甾类化合物主要为规则甾烷( C27--C29) ，其次为重排甾烷( C27、C29) ，孕甾烷的丰度极低; 芳烃类主要为萘、菲、蒽、屈等常规多环芳烃化合物，例如长链烷基萘、芳香甾烷及芴等多环芳烃化合物。综合Pr /Ph ( 1. 07 ～ 2. 68) 、C27--C28--C29规则甾烷相对含量、藿烷及芳烃组分，油页岩与煤有机质来源存在一定差别。高品质油页岩有机质为菌藻类，含一定量的陆生高等植物且遭受过较强的微生物作用;低品质油页岩有机质为陆生高等植物，含少量菌藻类和浮游生物，微生物作用较弱于高品质油页岩。煤以陆源高等植物为主，含少量菌藻类，微生物作用弱于油页岩。 |
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关键词：
油页岩
煤
有机地球化学
有机质来源
黄县盆地
李家崖组
古近系
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Organic geochemical characteristics and organic matter source analysis
of oil shale and coal in Paleogene Lijiaya Formation in Huangxian Basin |
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LI Li，MENG Qing-tao，LIU Zhao-jun，CHEN Ling-ling，ZENG Wen-ren，LI Jin-guo |
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1. College of Earth Sciences，Jilin University，Changchun 130061，China;
2. Key--Lab for Oil Shale and Paragenetic Energy Minerals，Changchun 130061，China;
3. Technical Quality Division，Inner Mongolia Water Conservancy and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute，Huhehot 010020;
4. College of Earth Sciences，China University of Petroleum，Beijing 102249 |
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Abstract:
In view of the metallogenic mechanism of Lijiaya Formation in Huangxian Basin，the organic geochemical characteristics of oil shale and coal are studied by analyzing oil content，Leco，rock pyrolysis and biomarkers，and the source of organic matter is discussed． The results show that: ① the oil shale in the study area can be divided into high quality and low quality oil shale． The high quality oil shale ( oil content: 12. 71% ～ 24. 38%) is characterized by high TOC，S1 + S2 and HI，and the organic matter type is Ⅰ--Ⅱ type; ② the low quality oil shale( oil content: 3. 69% ～ 4. 56%) is characterized by medium TOC，S1 + S2 and HI，and the organic matter type isⅡ1 type; ③the coal is characterized by extremely high TOC，high S1 + S2 and low HI，which is rot peat． The GC chromatography of n-alkanes in oil shale and coal shows an unimodal type，which obvious odd carbon number advantage and mainly long chain． In addition，a large number of hopanes and steroids were detected． Among the hopanes，pentacyclic triterpanes are the main component，and also it contains a certain abundance of gammaceranes and a small amount of tricyclic terpanes． The main steroids were regular steranes ( C27--C29) ． The second is rearranged steranes ( C27，C29) ，and pregnanes are very low in abundance; the main aromatic hydrocarbons are naphthalene，phenanthrene，anthracene，chrysene，etc． ，and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as long-chain alkyl naphthalene，aromatic sterane and fluorene． According to Pr /Ph ratios ( 1. 07 ～ 2. 68) ，C27--C28--C29 regular sterane relative contents，and hopane and aromatic components，there are some differences in organic matter sources between oil shale and coal． High quality oil shale organic matter is bacteria and algae，contains a certain amount of terrestrial higher plants，and has been subjected to strong microbial action; low quality oil shale organic matter is terrestrial higher plants，containing a small amount of bacteria，algae and plankton． The microbial effect is weaker than high quality oil shale． While coal is dominated by terrestrial higher plants with a small amount of bacteria and algae，and the microbial effect is weaker than that oil shale． |
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Keywords:
oil shale
coal
organic geochemistry
organic matter source
Huangxian Basin
Lijiaya Formation;
Paleogene
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