: Mozambique is an essential country in the Belt and Road Initiative, and it is also to cooperation between China and with Africa in energy resources. It is located in the critical node of the “East Africa Channel” and close to the “African Twin Ocean Railway”, which is an important strategic position. Mozambique has abundant mineral resources and vast reserves of advantageous minerals. The natural gas reserves of Mozambique ranked second in Africa. It also has world-- class scale graphite and rich iron, gold, copper, niobium-tantalum and other resources. In recent years, the mining industry in this country has been rising and attracting many foreign companies to invest, including international mining giants such as Vale, Rio Tinto and large mining enterprises of China. This paper systematically studies the mineral resources endowment, exploration and development situations of natural gas, graphite, titanium-zircon placer deposits, niobium-tantalum, gold, iron and other strategic minerals in Mozambique, comprehensively analyzes the mining investment environment and the current situation of exploration and development of Chinese enterprises in Mozambique, and replans four safeguard areas of strategic mineral resources in critical short supply. Mozambique generally has good prospects of mining investment and a stable foundation for cooperation with China. Chinese enterprises can focus on oil and natural gas, graphite, titanium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, and iron, which complement the needs of China, expand the mining capacity cooperation, and improve the ability to secure strategic mineral resources supply.