Strong fluctuation of seabed，abrupt variation in depth and dip of seabed bring seismic imaging problems，such as irregular reflection waves，obvious multiple waves，serious lateral wave development，poor imaging on base surface and depression structure，low signal-to-noise ratio of middle and deep layers． In this paper，Gaussian beam migration imaging method is used to analyze the imaging effect of rugged seabed in deep water area，and the ray tracing method of wavefront construction method is used to analyze the kinematic characteristics of seismic waves． By improving the design of seismic data acquisition and observation system，imaging quality of fine structures is improved．