Collecting 44 oil-sand specimens of Pu-I Member in two inspection wells before and after polymer flooding in the thirteenth district of Xingshugang oilfield, with experimental analysis, the author obtained the data about oil viscosity, flow, oil saturation, and oil displacement efficiency. The result shows viscous oil predominates in the main remaining oil in Xingshugang oilfield after water flooding with a certain amount of low viscosity oil, high viscosity oil and heavy oil; after polymer flooding, the viscous oil is main ingredient. Compared with water flooding, the low mobility and poor oil can be spread by polymer flooding, expanding the affected area and improving sweep efficiency and oil recovery. The geochemical affecting factors of water flooding and oil displacement efficiency refer to reservoir flow, permeability and the viscosity of residual oil. In the reservoir with permeability from low to high, the polymer flooding efficiency is better than water flooding. It provides the basis for improving the water and polymer flooding efficiency is better than water flooding. It provides the basis for improving the water and polymer flooding efficiency of the Xingshugang oilfield.