Some well-preserved conifer leafy shoots and female cones from the Lower Cretaceous Changcai Formation near Fudong of Helong，eastern Jilin，Northeast China are studied． Based on gross morphological and cuticular study，a new species，Elatides helongensis Sun et Zhao ( sp． nov． ) is described systematically． The new species is characterized by persistent，linear or slightly falcate leaves with obtusely acute apex，attached helically on the shoots． Female cones of the new species are terminal and oval，composed of persistent helicallyarranged rhomboidal scales and erect seeds． One erect seed is growing on each scale． Leaf cuticles are hypostomatic． Monocylic stomata are ellipse，composed of 2 sunken guard cells and 4--8 subsidiary cells． Moreover， the cuticles of a young female cone of Pityostrobus yingchengensis Yang are described for the first time．

Shangzhuang gold deposit located in the Wangershan fault zone of northwestern Jiaodong is of mesohypogenic altered rock type． The ore bodies occur at the hanging wall and footwall of Wangershan fault in vein or irregular shapes with the NE strike，NW trend，30° --60° in dip and the lateral trending of SW． The ores are composed of pyrite，quartz，sericite，bismuthinite，native gold，bismuth sulfosalt minerals，chalcopyrite，etc．，shown as brecciated structure and vein structure with metasomatic dissolution textures． The wall rock alteration is mainly described as phyllic alteration and silicification． The mineralization of this deposit is controlled by structure and altered rocks． The ore-controlling fault structures of this deposit is Wangershan fault，of which the intersection of major fault and secondary fault is the main ore-bearing position of this gold deposit，and the larger arc curved position is a favorable part for ore body occurrence． On the plane，the ore body is shown as equidistant pinch-out reproduction．

According to the Geological settings and the distributed laws of ore bodies and previous research results， combining with latest theories and new methods of geological prospecting，the authors proposed prospecting thoughts for substituted resources in Laozuoshan gold deposit． After ore prospecting in two years，nine new blind ore bodies were found，among which four ore bodies contain 4218. 1 kg inferred intrinsic economic resources ( 333) ，and mitigate the crisis situation of mine reserves． At the same time，lots of significant geophysical and geochemical anomalies were found in the peripheral，which provide a basis for further prospecting．

The research on tectonization intensity plays an important role in the analyses of basin evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation． At present，methods in this field are almost qualitative，and the quantitative one is still rarely reported． In this study，a quantitative research method for tectonization intensity is proposed． The research result on Tahe-Lunnan oilfield shows that this method can not only quantitatively express the tectonization intensity，but also qualitatively reflect the macroscopic deform property and the evolution history of strata． Therefore，it is an effective method for analyzing the characteristics of tectonization． In addition，the realization of the method also can provide qualitative information for studying the influence and control of tectonization on hydrocarbon accumulation．

Based on comparison and analysis on structural cations of montmorillonite in bentonite samples collected from several typical areas in Jilin Province，relationships among type and quantity of interlayer /tetrahedral /octahedral cations and temperature and activation energy of removal of bound and hydroxyl water were investigated． The results show that the interlayer cations not only play decisive roles on removal temperature of bound water，but also influence dehydroxylation temperature and activation energy of montmorillonite． Type of octahedral cations also has an effect on dehydroxylation process．

Image processing plays an important role in engineering treatment． The authors mainly introduced the feature recognition of borehole image process based on Ant Colony Algorithm ( ACA) ． The most important geological structure-fracture on the borehole image was identified，and quantitative parameters were obtained by HOUGH transform． Several case studies show that the method is feasible．

Deep ice drilling in Polar Regions plays a key role in paleo-climate，microbiological and glaciological researches． For deep ice and subglacial coring the special purpose-built electromechanical cable-suspended drills with bottom-hole circulation are designed and explored． Used at present drilling fluid circulation systems are specified by very high fluid wastes during processing． Measurements in deep drilling projects in Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets showed that 25%--40% of the drilling fluid，pumped into the hole，is retrieved to the surface with cable and drill，and up to 45% of retrieved fluid goes to waste． This leads not only to increasing of the fluid consumption and cost of the project in general but also to severe contamination of air，surface and nearsurface snow-firn layers at the drilling site． In order to reduce wastes and environmental impact，it is proposed to modify drilling fluid processing system by avoiding of evaporation and leakages of fluid as far as practicable． Drilling fluid is prepared and pumped into the hole according to predetermined program on semiautomatic mode， and volume and density of blended and pumped into the hole drilling fluid are measured continuously． Components of the drilling fluid are stored and mixed in the special closed containers equipped by pressure relief valves． Separation of drilling fluid from ice cuttings is carried out by two steps: firstly，fluid is separated with hydro extractor and then with thermal separator． To reduce the amount of removed drilling fluid with cable special squeezing collar is installed on the borehole mouth． All these arrangements are able to decrease drilling fluid wastes in many times．

Monitoring drilling deviation is important for drilling of boreholes and measuring injection rock permeability by Lugeon value for safe and efficient drilling and grouting． This paper is aiming at the study drilling deviation and relationship between drilling and injection permeability at the depth of 100 m in dam of Pushi River． The results show that at different depths the deviation of grouting borehole is within the allowable range according to specifications． LU value decreases with the depth increased in general，but at the depths between 40- 41 m the permeability is 1. 5 LU，and at 24 m the LU value is the largest ( 2 LU) in this site by this study． The study thus concludes that even though the rocks are hard and their injection permeability decreases with depth increased，good drilling practices including carefully considering technical and geological specifications can get good drilling boreholes．

In practical seismic exploration，internal multiples generated when the wave impedance of medium is strong，and seismic records are recorded． The method of virtual event repress internal multiples is to move scattered points from underground to the surface，similar to the method of the surface-related multiple elimination ( SRME) ． The method of SRME belongs to the prediction-subtraction approaches to eliminate internal multiples， prediction method is based on building a brand new way of seismic wave propagation ( virtual reflection and virtual event) ，so that it has forward and backward wave propagation，and through convolution with significant wave to predict the internal multiples． Due to required data needing field information of full-wave，the authors use Seislet transform interpolating the missing data to ensure the premise of internal multiples prediction． The test data show that the above method has achieved good results．