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On the basis of the standpipe method that measures the hydraulic conductivity of a sediment col- umn��a device for air permeability test was designed and assembled�� which used air as the fluid to determine the air permeability of a sediment column�� The air permeability of a sample can then be converted to the hydraulic conduc- tivity�� In this study�� the authors use air permeability test and standpipe method to measure hydraulic conductivity of three eolian (from desert) sediment samples and seven floodplain sediment samples�� Test results indicate that air permeability test is a feasible method to measure hydraulic conductivity of sediment�� Compared with the standpipe method��the air permeability test can be conducted in a short time and requires no water�� Thus estimating hydraulic conductivity of sediments by the air permeability test is a valuable choice for test sites lack of water��