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In Bachu--Maigaiti region of Tarim Basin��the oil source rocks are Cambrian--Ordovician marine carbonate rocks��the reservoir is Silurian--Devonian delta--shoreland sandstone in character��and the cap rocks are tight mudstone by tidal��which formed a fault source--reserve--cap assemblage with better potential for petroleum exploration�� Through comprehensive research on the distribution of sedimentary facies��characateristics of faults evolution and paleouplift and palaeoslope��combined with the expulsion of oil source rocks and the characateristics of founded oil and gas��it is concluded that the deposition and tectonic controled Silurian--Devonian hydrocarbon accumulation in this region�� By the end of Permian��the uniclinal structure and slope regions formed in expulsion period of the Cambrian--Ordovician hydrocarbon source rocks connected with Silurian--Devonian reservoir by long lived faults are the favorable regions of hydrocarbon accumulation��represented by the fault zone between the K2 �� F1 wells and the slope zone between the Y1--BK8--B5 wells�� The hydrocarbon reservoirs are lithologic and structural-- lithologic reservoirs in type��