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The study on geological profiles survey and structural analysis show that Jiali fault is a long historically deep and large fault with various characteristics at different times�� In Late Triassic-Jurassic��the fault belt was the northward dipping normal fault where the Biru back-arc basin on the south of Bangonghu-Nujiang ocean basin cracked��and controlled the sedimentation of the back-arc basin�� Accompanied by the disappearance of the basin�� a series of thrust faults developed from south to north and the ophiolites intruded during Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous�� Form Miocene to Quaternary��the Jiali fault redefined as an extensional tectonic system with local dextral strike-slips��and the formation mechanism is the uneven movement and subsidence of tectonic block caused by the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau��