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Land utilization status investigation and ecological suitability assessment of Zhenlai County in Jilin Province have been carried out based on RS and GIS. Analyzing the differences between the two aspects, the authors pointed out the adjustment direction and method of land utilization, and further optimized the land utilization structure. The results show that the utilization status of suitable forestland and suitable rangeland are mainly saline field, and the others are farmland, while rarely used forest and grassland. The suitable farmland and suitable farmland-forestland-rangeland are simple in structures, the farmland, forestland and grassland is unreasonable in proportion. The adjustment direction of land utilization is the treatment to saline field, returning farmland to forestland and grassland, and optimization on the land utilization pattern. Combined with the analysis of natural environment, the adjusted land utilization patterns include the compositions of farmland-forestland and forestland-grassland, with development of paddy fields; the proportion of farmland, forestland and grassland is close to 3��1��1, and the alternate distribution in space.